Isaiah 28:1-10
Isa 28:1
Woe to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim, 
whose glorious beauty is a fading flower, which are on the head of 
the fat valleys of them that are overcome with wine!
Here Isaiah reverts back to the time when Assyria will 
take the ten northern tribes into captivity. 
They are called Ephraim because the chief tribe was the tribe of Ephraim. 
They were not only drunkards who would drink excessively but it also is 
an allusion to the fact that they would be drunken with idolatry. 
Ye have not eaten bread, neither 
have ye drunk wine or strong drink: that ye might know that I
am the LORD your God. 
(Deuteronomy 29:6)  In ancient 
false religions, they believed that if they drank excessively and became drunk, 
that would help them get to know their god better. 
Israel was not supposed to drink excessively for that purpose but because 
they degenerated into paganism, they may have also adopted that belief. 
Their glory was their wealth and riches but soon they would be unable to 
depend on them as Assyria would put an end to their glory. 
They would get to the point that they would be so drunk they would be 
lying all over the ground until they sobered up and started all over again.
Isa 28:2
Behold, the Lord hath a mighty and strong one, which 
as a tempest of hail and a destroying storm, as a flood of mighty waters 
overflowing, shall cast down to the earth with the hand.
The mighty and strong one is Assyria under Shalmaneser 
and their invasion will be so devastating that it would be compared to hail and 
a destroying storm.  A tempest of 
hail has the ability to cause much damage not only to homes and property but to 
the plants.  Sometimes hail is so 
powerful it destroys trees and other plants and kills them. 
Flooding waters means that the invasion will be unstoppable and will 
destroy everything in its path.  
Then the people of Ephraim will be as plants cast down in a strong hail storm 
which means the judgment is coming and nothing will stop it.
Isa 28:3
The crown of pride, the drunkards of Ephraim, shall be 
trodden under feet:
The wealth that they had accumulated over the years was a 
gift from God but they had become so wealthy that they began to believe that it 
was all of them it so became a crown of pride. 
A crown is worn by a king so their pride was exalted to the point it 
became their king and they all worshipped themselves. 
Yet these drunkards will be brought down to nothing as Assyria vanquishes 
Samaria.
Isa 28:4
And the glorious beauty, which is on the head of 
the fat valley, shall be a fading flower, and as the hasty fruit before 
the summer; which when he that looketh upon it seeth, while it is yet in 
his hand he eateth it up.
The glorious beauty which is a reference to their wealth 
and agricultural wealth shall become like a fading flower which withers after 
their season of blooming.  Their 
prosperity was in the time of full bloom but they shall be like a fading flower 
when all their prosperity turns to poverty. 
Just as someone sees a fig which is an early fruit and then picks it by 
hand and then eats it.  Ephraim will also 
be like that fruit plucked from the tree. 
They will be plucked up and consumed in judgment by the Assyrians.
Isa 28:5
In that day shall the LORD of hosts be for a crown of 
glory, and for a diadem of beauty, unto the residue of his people,
From the crown of pride to the crown of glory. 
The LORD shall be a crown of glory to Judah once Israel was taken into 
captivity by the Assyrians.  He 
shall be the crown because Judah had not yet slipped into full idolatry as the 
northern kingdom did and God was still their king. 
A diadem is alike a crown so the LORD shall not only be a crown of glory 
but a crown of beauty.  The residue 
or remainder of the people refers to Judah who will still remain in the land for 
another 135 years before they go into captivity.
Isa 28:6
And for a spirit of judgment to him that sitteth in 
judgment, and for strength to them that turn the battle to the gate.
Then the LORD will give the true spirit of judgment to 
those who sit in judgment which would be the political and religious leaders of 
Judah so they make the proper assessment of what has happening to the people in 
the north so they would not make the same errors they did. 
The LORD will also be their strength to protect them from any incursion 
by Assyria if they think they could also add Judah to their full conquests. 
Isa 28:7
But they also have erred through wine, and through strong 
drink are out of the way; the priest and the prophet have erred through strong 
drink, they are swallowed up of wine, they are out of the way through strong 
drink; they err in vision, they stumble in judgment.
Here the prophet exposes a sin which causes anyone to 
falter in their execution of their duties. 
It seems that Judah had given itself over to drunkenness which goes in 
lockstep with the worship of false gods. 
Drunkenness had pervaded all strata of society in Judah. 
The priests and the prophets took up the habit of drinking which means 
their judgment was sorely affected.  
In being drunk, they would have offered up strange fire which was the cause of 
the death of Nadab and Abihu in Leviticus 10. 
By drinking strong drink, the priests and prophets had committed many 
sins and errors which would have caused the people to follow in their footsteps. 
The drunkenness would have caused them to see false visions and it would 
also have caused them a false vision, that is, they would not have seen the 
seriousness of their situation and how close they were to being judged. 
The priests should have been sober so they could have made proper 
judicial judgments but their drunkenness had perverted their senses.
Isa 28:8
For all tables are full of vomit and filthiness,
so that there is no place clean.
As with many people who drink and cannot hold their 
liquor, vomiting will occur and Judah had become so reprehensible that the 
people would vomit up the alcohol right on the top of the tables where people 
were eating.  This is how bad they 
become.  It was so widespread that 
there was nowhere that was clean and free from the vomit of the drunk. 
It also points to the fact that there were no more holy places left for 
even the priests to eat since they themselves had desecrated their holy places 
and utensils.
Isa 28:9
Whom shall he teach knowledge? and whom shall he make to 
understand doctrine? them that are weaned from the milk, and drawn 
from the breasts.
With the way the prophets and priests were drinking 
strong drink, Isaiah asks the question to whom will the Lord teach his knowledge 
about himself and the scriptures.  
Whom shall he make to understand doctrine, that is, the teachings which the 
priests and scribes should have been doing. 
Since they were all engaging in drinking, was there anyone capable of 
learning or were they all so inebriated they could not even walk straight? 
Their actions are likened to that of a foolish child who is still too 
young to make proper decisions even if they are being weaned which is about 
three years old.  Then they are 
likened to even younger children such as babies who are still on their mother’s 
breasts.  They are way too young to 
make any decisions because they are immature and that was how the leaders of 
Judah were acting as if they were still little children with the inability to 
make decisions.
Isa 28:10
For precept must be upon precept, precept upon 
precept; line upon line, line upon line; here a little, and there a 
little: